The first year of life is the most important stage in a baby’s life. During these 12 months, he will learn to walk, pronounce his first words and understand the meaning of adult speech. However, the health of the child is of paramount importance for every parent.
Some pathological changes noticed in children under one year old and corrected in time will only be remembered by an entry in the medical record. It is the planned medical examination of children that allows you to monitor their growth and development, monitor changes in a small body and prevent the negative consequences of diseases.
What does medical examination consist of?
Medical examination of infants is a monthly visit to doctors necessary to monitor the development of all systems of the baby’s body and receive answers to questions about care that interest parents.
Dispensary observation is carried out thanks to a birth certificate - a document that is issued to a woman during pregnancy. Certification is provided for by the state project “Health”, which obliges parents and doctors to conduct a series of examinations of a baby up to one year old.
The medical examination plan involves a monthly examination by a pediatrician, as well as some specialized specialists during a certain period of time. Let's look at everything in more detail and consider each stage of the process.
First stage: observation in the maternity hospital
Literally immediately after birth, the child falls into the hands of a neonatologist, who examines the mucous membranes, checks the heartbeat, listens to breathing and checks basic reflexes. If there are no pathologies, the baby is washed, the necessary treatment is carried out and swaddled.
The fourth day of life for full-term babies (and the seventh for premature babies) is marked by taking the first test (blood from the heel) for a screening test. This test is aimed at early detection of genetic diseases in newborns, such as:
- cystic fibrosis;
- phenylketonuria;
- congenital hypothyroidism;
- galactosemia;
- adrenogenital syndrome.
If a child is suspected of having one of these ailments, parents are notified of the need to undergo the test again to refute or confirm the diagnosis.
Second stage: monitoring the development of a child up to one year in a children's clinic
This stage lasts the whole year and is divided into two periods: observation up to six months and from 6 to 12 months. However, this does not mean that you only need to visit the doctor twice; examinations are carried out every month.
After discharge from the maternity hospital, a nurse and a doctor from the children's clinic come to the newborn's home, examine him and tell the mother about the features of caring for the baby.
1 month
At one month, the baby and his mother go to see the pediatrician on their own for the first time. The doctor performs:
- posture check;
- palpation of internal organs;
- checking the fontanel;
- assessment of sensory organ development;
- examination of the scrotum in boys;
- a set of procedures that will be repeated monthly: examination of the skin, fontanel, weighing and measuring height, head and chest circumference, measuring body temperature.
In addition to the pediatrician, the baby and mother will have to go to some specialists:
- surgeon;
- traumatologist-orthopedist;
- neurologist;
- ophthalmologist
Before visiting these specialists, it is necessary to undergo ultrasound examinations of the brain, heart, liver, kidneys and hip joints.
The surgeon performs:
- assessment of the structural features of the skeleton and musculoskeletal system;
- identification of pathologies: hernia, neck injuries, dislocations, etc.;
- examination of the genitals.
If there are appropriate indications, the surgeon may recommend that the baby undergo therapeutic massage, exercise therapy, or swimming.
An orthopedic traumatologist, having familiarized himself with an ultrasound of the hip joints and conducted an examination, records changes in the structure and checks for the presence of dysplasia, the timely treatment of which helps to avoid problems in the future. In the absence of proper treatment, with age comes pain and gait disturbances due to limited joint movement, which can lead to disability.
A neurologist performs a monthly examination to:
- assessment of the baby’s neuropsychic development;
- collecting information from parents and assessing the child’s behavior based on them;
- identifying a risk group in the presence of deviations.
It is better to visit an ophthalmologist at the turn of 1–2 months. The doctor will evaluate:
- visual acuity, how much the baby fixes his gaze on an object;
- condition of the muscles, lacrimal ducts, eyelids and fundus.
2 months
- At two months, only a standard medical examination by a pediatrician is performed.
3 months
At three months, the pediatrician takes the necessary measurements to assess the baby’s development, and also gives directions for a number of examinations:
- general blood analysis;
- general urine analysis;
- examination by a neurologist.
A complete blood count involves taking blood from a child’s finger. To obtain objective results, it is better not to feed the baby for an hour or two before taking the test.
A urine test is usually taken in a laboratory early in the morning. You can collect the urine in a clean bowl, and then pour it into a special jar, or use a urine bag for babies.
A neurologist examines the child to determine the level of his psychomotor development.
4–5 months
- At 4 and 5 months, the baby visits the pediatrician for a standard examination.
6 months
Six months is the next milestone for undergoing a comprehensive examination by specialized specialists, including:
- neurologist;
- ophthalmologist;
- otolaryngologist;
- cardiologist.
The neurologist once again compares the indicators of psychomotor development with the age norm.
The ophthalmologist takes repeated measurements of the refraction of the eyes and compares them with indicators five months ago to assess the dynamics, and also identifies the presence or absence of strabismus.
The ENT carries out the following actions:
- examines mucous membranes and gives recommendations for their care;
- tests hearing;
- examines the ears to prevent otitis media.
A cardiologist, based on an ECG and his own examination of the baby, excludes or confirms the presence of heart defects and other heart diseases. The examination is also carried out with the aim of timely detection of rheumatism, diffuse connective tissue diseases, arthritis and other pathologies of the cardiovascular system in the child.
7 and 8 months
At 7 and 8 months, examinations by specialists are not carried out, unless, of course, there are indications and a referral from a pediatrician.
9 months
After a standard examination, the pediatrician sends the baby to the dentist. The doctor examines the oral cavity to:
- detection of pathologies on the tongue, gums, uvula, frenulum of the tongue;
- identifying irregular or delayed teeth eruption.
The dentist also informs parents about proper dental and oral care and gives recommendations on how to reduce the baby’s discomfort during teething.
10 and 11 months
10 and 11 months are the time for regular visits to the pediatrician to monitor the dynamics of the baby’s growth and development.
12 months
At one year old, the baby will have to go through the last stage of medical examination. It includes the passage of such specialists as:
- neurologist;
- surgeon;
- orthopedist;
- ophthalmologist;
- dentist;
Also, general urine and blood tests are performed annually, and, if necessary, an ultrasound examination is performed.
There is no need to keep in your head all the information described above about the periods of examination by narrow specialists; if necessary, such a table will come to your aid.
Medical examination of children in the first year of life is a very important process for the health of the baby, so it should not be neglected. Even if it’s summer and you want to go on vacation with your baby, calculate the time so that you can visit the specialists on time. Remember that timely treatment of diseases identified during infancy can save the child from health problems in the future. May your children always be happy and healthy.
The first year of life is the most important and difficult period for a baby. At this time, intensive physiological and neuropsychic development occurs. In the first month, the newborn must be shown to the pediatrician 3 times. Then, in order to understand that the baby is developing normally, you will need to consult other specialists.
What kind of doctors do a 1 month old baby undergo?
If the baby has not yet reached the age of one month, he should be examined by a pediatrician at home. When he turns 1 month old, he needs to visit a children's clinic. The first doctor to examine the baby should be a pediatrician.
Your pediatrician will tell you what kind of doctors you undergo at 1 month
At this visit, the doctor measures the baby's weight, height, head and chest circumference. Depending on the data obtained, one can judge the development of the baby. If there are no problems, then it is not necessary to be examined by other specialists.
To identify possible congenital diseases, a one-month-old baby should be examined by the following doctors:
- Neurologist or neuropathologist. The doctor checks innate reflexes and evaluates muscle tone; it may be increased or decreased. It is at 1 month that lesions of the central nervous system that arose in the fetus in the womb can be detected.
- ENT The doctor evaluates hearing and nasal breathing.
- Ophthalmologist. A specialist checks your vision.
- Surgeon. The doctor identifies hernias, hemangiomas, and phimosis in boys.
- Orthopedist. The specialist checks for torticollis or congenital dysplasia and assesses the symmetry of the gluteal folds.
Treatment of perinatal disorders that arose during pregnancy is most effective in the first months of the baby’s life, since during this period the maturation of many body systems continues.
Is hardware examination necessary for newborns?
If health problems are detected, the pediatrician may prescribe additional examination of the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys and other organs. If the baby has a heart murmur, then an ECG is indispensable.
In the first month of life, an ultrasound of the hip joints should be done to exclude the possibility of dysplasia.
In case of difficult labor, fetal hypoxia, hypertonicity in the baby, as well as for premature babies, it is advisable to do neurosonography. This is an ultrasound of the brain. While the baby's fontanel has not yet closed, this method of examination is possible. With the help of ultrasound, abnormalities can be easily identified and treated at an early stage, before serious problems occur.
The list of doctors who need to see the child differs depending on the age of the baby and the presence of congenital health problems. Do not neglect examinations in the first year of life.
As soon as a child is born, he is immediately subjected to a thorough examination. Doctors check his physical condition, breathing, measure the size of the fontanelles, examine the abdomen, listen to the heartbeat, evaluate the Apgar scale, measure head circumference, weight, and body length. In the following months, almost all of these procedures will be performed by the local pediatrician, and he should also say which doctors are undergoing in 1 month.
Until the child turns one year old, the mother will have to visit an institution such as a children's clinic every month. The pediatrician will carry out all the necessary manipulations, measure, examine, give vaccinations and issue referrals to other specialists who need to be visited.
First visit to the doctor
Is your baby 1 month old? The time has come to go to the clinic on your own, since the nurse who previously visited the baby will no longer come to the house without a call.
It is better to prepare in advance for your first visit to the clinic. Usually, a medical examination of infants is carried out on “Healthy Child Day”; there are even medical institutions where there is a special “Healthy Child Room” intended for routine examinations. This is designed so that healthy children do not come into contact with sick ones.
It is better to know in advance which doctors are examined in 1 month. Usually this is a neurologist, surgeon, cardiologist, orthopedist, otolaryngologist, ophthalmologist, and an ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity and hip joint will also be required.
Upon arrival at the clinic, the mother will be offered to give the child a second vaccination against hepatitis B. If the baby has a cough or runny nose, you should definitely tell the doctor about this and postpone the procedure until recovery - sick children are not given revaccinations!
At the pediatrician's appointment
First of all, the child’s height is measured and weighed. As a rule, babies gain from 400 to 800 grams in the first 4 weeks of life and grow by about two centimeters. The doctor will also assess the general condition of the child, his skin and fontanel. Be prepared to be asked about your baby's behavior and feeding. If your son or daughter is bottle-fed, it is advisable to take a pacifier and a bottle of freshly prepared formula or water with you to the appointment. Remember that when visiting the doctor, it is important to dress your child correctly so that it is not difficult to undress him; do not forget to take with you a clean diaper, a spare diaper and sanitary napkins. Do not hesitate to ask any questions you may have during your visit. You can also make a small list at home so you don’t miss anything.
If everything is fine with the child and he is developing as a normal baby should at this age, 1 month is the right time for a planned round. It is the pediatrician who will tell you which doctors are examined in 1 month and will give directions for examinations and routine tests (OAC and OAM).
Blood test (BAC)
It is recommended that children donate blood to prevent anemia and identify inflammatory processes. At this age, this test does not require special preparation, but it is advisable to undergo the procedure before feeding so that the baby’s stomach is as empty as possible.
If a child is diagnosed with jaundice, the doctor may additionally recommend a blood test for bilirubin. The level of this substance reflects the functioning of enzyme systems and the liver; in addition, a high level of bilirubin is observed with atresia of the bile duct.
Urinalysis (UAM)
Now pharmacies offer a wide selection of special urinals that make the process of collecting urine much easier. The sterile device is attached to the child's genitals, and after filling, the contents are poured into a sterile container. The main thing is to wash the baby well before collecting the material. The portion of urine can be any; it is not necessary to use only the morning one.
Pediatric neurologist
Treats and diagnoses diseases of the central nervous system. During the examination, he tests muscle strength, coordination, sensitivity and reflexes. If necessary, the neurologist can refer the baby for an ultrasound of the head, electroencephalography and MRI.
If your baby is diagnosed with increased or decreased tone, do not be upset; this deviation from the norm is often found in infants. After several courses of special massage, which will be prescribed by a specialist, everything will return to normal.
Orthopedist
A specialist who examines a child for dysplasia. Orthopedist is considered a very important doctor in the list telling what are the required doctors in 1 month. After all, if there is a pathology in the hip joint, it is very important to identify them as early as possible, before the baby starts walking. If the doctor diagnoses the disease in time and carries out the correct treatment: massage, gymnastics, specific swaddling, a course of manual therapy, the use of special devices, then in the future the child will not have problems with motor activity.
In addition, the orthopedist checks to see if the child has a hernia, torticollis, or congenital dislocations. These problems are common in infants and also need to be corrected.
Otolaryngologist
A medical examination at 1 month involves a visit to an otolaryngologist (ENT). At the appointment, the baby will undergo the first otoacoustic test in his life. Using a special ultrasound device, the doctor will check the child’s hearing. The tool allows you to detect deafness in children from the age of one month.
Ophthalmologist
The child met with this specialist while still in the maternity hospital. There, an ophthalmologist checked for possible congenital anomalies. But even if no abnormalities were found at birth, subsequent examinations by an ophthalmologist will not be unnecessary for the child. At one month, the doctor will examine the fundus of the eye and determine the child’s tendency to strabismus.
Additional examinations
If you ask your friends who became mothers before you what kind of doctors they undergo at 1 month, many of them will say that they did neurosonography and ECG for their children.
An electrocardiogram is done to detect heart disease. Brain ultrasound (BSG) is usually recommended for premature infants or those with an insufficiently high Apgar score. The study allows us to identify possible hemorrhages, pathologies in brain development, and hydrocephalus.
Of course, at the first visit to the doctor, the young mother and baby experience a little stress. Don't worry, all these procedures are necessary for the child to remain healthy and develop correctly.
The calmness and positive attitude that the mother will maintain in the hospital will help the baby remain calm and not be scared at the sight of a man in a white coat!
You should monitor every stage of development of your heir so as not to miss possible deviations. Only a pediatrician can assess the condition of a small organism, so it is very important to come to appointments and take all necessary tests on time.
Immediately after birth, the baby is examined by a neonatologist. This is a doctor who specializes in newborn babies up to one month of age. Already in the first minutes of life, the doctor assesses the condition of the newborn child on the Apgar scale based on indicators such as the child’s pulse, skin color, breathing, muscle tone, innate reflexes, and strength of cry. This system was developed to identify children who urgently need medical attention. Healthy babies receive a score of 7-10. If the vital criteria score is below 6 points, then the child comes under close medical supervision. In any case, within the walls of the maternity hospital, the baby is periodically examined by a neonatologist.
After the mother is discharged from the maternity hospital, the local clinic receives information about the newborn baby. Within three days, the local pediatrician, together with a nurse, will definitely visit the child without a prior call. At the first examination, the doctor examines the little patient from head to toe, pays attention to the condition of the fontanelle, skin, mucous membranes, palpates the abdomen, listens to the heartbeat, frequency and depth of breathing, and evaluates reflex excitability and muscle tone. Such an examination is necessary and justified: if pathologies are detected at an early stage, they are easier to treat or correct.
The doctor is also obliged to assess the home environment, living conditions, social status of the parents and their ability to provide the baby with proper care. All data received is entered into the newborn’s medical record.
Tip: Prepare a place convenient for normal examination of the newborn. The doctor will undress the child, so the room should be warm. It is worth preparing a list of questions to ask the doctor in advance, preferably in writing, so as not to forget anything.
Subsequently, until the age of one month, the child is periodically visited by a visiting nurse. During her visits, she should not only monitor the condition of the baby, but also advise the young mother on feeding and caring for the newborn. The visiting nurse can and should ask questions regarding the baby’s development.
First independent trip to the clinic
At 4 weeks, the mother should bring the baby to the clinic for examination.
The first trip is always exciting, so that it goes well, you need to prepare in advance:
- find out at the reception what day your clinic is reserved for receiving infants,
- take with you a clean diaper (preferably two), large wet wipes, a garbage bag,
- pour boiled water or ready-made milk formula into a thermal bottle - suddenly the appointment will be delayed and the child will get hungry,
- A clean notebook and pen to write down your pediatrician's advice and instructions.
First you need to see a local doctor. He will visually examine the baby, weigh him, measure his height and head circumference. Afterwards he will tell you which doctors newborns undergo at 1 month
The list is quite big:
- ENT doctor,
- orthopedist,
- surgeon,
- ophthalmologist,
- neurologist,
- dermatologist - is prescribed selectively if a newborn baby has skin problems, rashes, diathesis, or allergic manifestations.
A visit to the offices of specialized specialists is mandatory. They will examine the child in more detail, draw conclusions about his state of health, and, if necessary, prescribe additional examination or treatment.
More about narrow specialists
An otolaryngologist (ENT doctor) examines the ears, nose and throat of a newborn, does otoacoustic testing to check the child’s hearing, and looks to see if the baby has wax plugs and whether the nasal passages are properly developed. This doctor can answer questions about why your baby is having trouble latching or is unable to feed from a bottle.
An orthopedist is a must-see specialist to assess the health of the child’s musculoskeletal system. The orthopedist will examine the legs and hip joints of the newborn and give an opinion on the results of the examination. A dangerous pathology - hip dysplasia - is observed in 30% of infants.
At an early age, the pathology is corrected 100%, but if you do not pay attention to it and do not start treatment in a timely manner, then the child will remain crippled. An orthopedist can also identify a number of other problems - torticollis, clubfoot, and asymmetry of the legs.
The ophthalmologist will measure the baby’s intraocular pressure, check the condition of the lacrimal glands, and diagnose conjunctivitis of the eyelids. At 1 month it is already possible to assess the baby’s tendency to strabismus and, if necessary, predict treatment.
At the first meeting, the surgeon will palpate the baby’s tummy, evaluate his reflex reactions, diagnose an umbilical, umbilical or inguinal hernia, and palpate the lymph nodes. In boys, the external genitalia will be examined to exclude dropsy, undescended testicles into the scrotum, cryptorchidism and hypospadias.
When examining a newborn, a neurologist will evaluate his reflexes and motor activity, examine the fontanel, check muscle tone, and the level of motor development.
Advice: do not try to go through all the specialists in 1-2 days. This is very tiring for both the baby and the mother. After the local police officer tells you which doctors newborns see at 1 month, you need to write down the days and hours of the appointment in a notebook, and then plan to visit no more than two offices a week.
Now you know what doctors newborns undergo at 1 month. But the local pediatrician may prescribe additional examinations - ultrasound, MRI, blood and urine tests - if there are suspicions of cardiac, renal, intestinal and other pathologies.
Additional examination
Urinalysis - to carry it out, you need to collect the baby's morning urine. This is done using special urinals, which differ in shape for boys and girls. You can buy them at any pharmacy. The local nurse will tell you how to collect urine using the device. It is very important to wash the child thoroughly the day before collecting the material.
A general blood test is done based on taking blood from a finger, a biochemical test is done from a vein of the newborn. Biological material is taken from such young children at any time of the day, regardless of food intake.
ECG (electrocardiogram) - taking heart indicators and predicting the child’s condition in the near future.
Ultrasound (ultrasound examination) of the brain, heart, abdominal cavity - to identify deviations in the development of body systems.
Ultrasound examination is especially relevant for premature and low birth weight babies, whose score at birth was less than 7 points on the Apgar scale
Of course, such an in-depth examination is not prescribed for every child, but only for those children whose condition causes concern to the local pediatrician or other doctor. Mothers do not need to independently prescribe any procedures for their child or insist on conducting one or another type of examination, since the local pediatrician is able to adequately assess the health of the newborn and the need for additional tests.
Vaccination room
In the maternity hospital, a newborn child receives the necessary vaccinations, but at 1 month it is necessary to receive another vaccination - against hepatitis. Permission for vaccination is given only by the local pediatrician after a complete examination of the baby and assurance that the baby is healthy. Parents have the right to refuse vaccination, but this should be done thoughtfully after studying the issue from all sides and receiving advice from a competent specialist. If you doubt the quality of the vaccine, you can agree to purchase another vaccination material - less aggressive, more purified, from another manufacturer. But this issue must be discussed with your doctor first.
Please note that the standard vaccination schedule can be changed individually for you, taking into account the baby’s health condition
Keep a notebook and be sure to monitor vaccinations. Don’t hesitate to ask your doctor to check your personal vaccination schedule once again. This approach will help protect the child from serious illness in the future.
Remember that caring for the child’s health primarily lies with the parents, so you should not skip going to the clinic when the baby is 1 month old.
From birth, a child must undergo a number of examinations, some of which are mandatory, others additional. The list of mandatory examinations may change over time, so for young parents it is quite useful to know the medical standards that are relevant today.
Examination of a child by month in the first year of life
| Specialists | 1 month | 3 | 6 | 9 | 12 |
| Pediatrician | + | + | + | + | + |
| Neurologist | + | + | + (according to indications) | + | |
| Orthopedist | + | + | |||
| Surgeon | + | + | + | ||
| Ophthalmologist | + (according to indications), preferably at 2 months | + | |||
| Dentist | + | + | |||
| Otolaryngologist (ENT) | + | ||||
| Blood and urine analysis | + | + | + |
Referrals to doctors not marked with a “+” sign in the table are given by a pediatrician if there are certain indications.
There is currently a shortage of specialized doctors in clinics; a pediatrician cannot always give a referral to see the right specialist or an appointment ticket for a specific procedure. The table above will help you figure out when and what examinations a child should undergo in the first year of life.
A child undergoes a full examination by specialists several times a year, with most examinations in the first month, then examinations by additional specialists are added.
Full description of child examinations by month
1 month
| Specialists | Nature of the inspection |
| Pediatrician | The pediatrician comes for the first time the next day after the baby arrives home, then once a week for the first month. The doctor examines the child, gives the young mother recommendations on the care and feeding of the baby . With a one-month-old baby, parents go to the doctor themselves. The pediatrician measures weight, height, head and chest circumference, and also examines the fontanelles and interosseous sutures on the baby’s head. |
| Neurologist | The doctor observes the child's reaction to light, sound, monitors the baby’s movements, evaluates psycho-emotional activity. |
| Orthopedist | The examination can reveal hip dysplasia, torticollis, and foot pathology (for example, clubfoot). |
| Surgeon | Inspects for inguinal or umbilical hernia . Examines the genitals in boys, undescended testicles into the scrotum or narrowing of the foreskin. |
| Ophthalmologist | The pediatrician gives a referral to an ophthalmologist, but often the doctors themselves insist on a later examination . Diagnosis requires wide open eyes, and babies at this age often sleep. At the appointment, the doctor checks visual acuity, the ability to focus the gaze, the condition of the fundus, and the patency of the nasolacrimal duct. |
Examinations that a child should undergo in the first months of life
| Survey | Description |
| Ultrasound of internal organs and kidneys | During the examination, it is assessed correspondence of the sizes of the abdominal organs certain parameters. |
| Ultrasound of the hip joints | Reveals presence or absence hip joints. |
| While the fontanel on the baby’s head has not closed, it is easier to conduct an examination to identifying pathologies . | |
| Ultrasound of the heart (echocardiography)(additionally) | Done conclusion about the state of the heart , identification of defects. |
| Ultrasound of the cervical spine (additionally) | Prescribed to a child if you suspect a birth injury , with muscular torticollis. |
| Ultrasound of the scrotum or pelvic organs(additionally) | Appointed in the presence of pathologies in the pelvic area . |
| Ultrasound of the thymus gland(additionally) | Appointed for immune system disorders (, dysbacteriosis). |
| Audiological screening(if not done in the maternity hospital) | With the help of special modern equipment, testing for hearing loss and deafness . |
| Blood and urine analysis | A blood test characterizes the general condition of the child’s body, are there any inflammation or anemia? . A urine test indicates the condition of the kidneys, as well as the presence of inflammatory processes in the body. |
9 months(dental examination added)
12 months(examination by an otolaryngologist is added)
If everything is more or less clear from specialists, then there are a lot of conflicting opinions on the issue of vaccination. Some parents vaccinate according to the calendar, others choose paid foreign analogues of vaccines, and still others refuse vaccination altogether. Everyone gives reasons for their choice.
Vaccination of a child's first year of life
Very often, an examination by a neurologist-immunologist before vaccination is overlooked. In Russia, preparation for vaccination is most often limited to taking a general blood and urine test and measuring body temperature.
Meanwhile, many problems could be avoided by passing additional tests:
- A blood test showing how the child’s immunity works (immunogram).
- Blood test for individual reaction to vaccination.
Already with ready-made tests, they contact a neurologist-immunologist, who selects the necessary vaccine and determines the degree of risks.
The list of mandatory vaccinations for children under one year old accepted in Russia is given in the table below.
The pediatrician is required to provide detailed information about the vaccine , after which the parents decide whether to vaccinate their child at this time or not.
| Age | Graft |
| Newborns in the first 24 hours of life |
|
| 3 – 7 days |
|
| 1 month |
|
| 2 month |
|
| 3 month |
|
| 4.5 months |
|
| 6 months |
|
| 12 months |
|
The vaccine for hepatitis B is injected intramuscularly into the thigh, for tuberculosis - into the shoulder, DPT is placed into the anterior outer part of the thigh, for polio, a drop of the vaccine is dropped into the mouth. For measles, rubella and mumps, the vaccine is given in the shoulder or subscapular area.
Since 2014, the list of mandatory vaccinations has included:
- Vaccination against pneumococcal infection (from pneumonia and otitis media) at 2 and 4.5 months.
- Vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae is given together with the DPT vaccine.
Examination of children in the first year of life plays a very important role. Parents should take this issue very seriously, study the information, and draw their own conclusions about the need for a particular examination or procedure.
It is parents who are primarily responsible for the health of their children. .