Family: legumes (Fabaceae).
Motherland
Clover is widespread in Europe, Asia, North America, Australia and parts of Africa.
Form: annual and perennial herbaceous plants.
Description
Clover is an annual and perennial herb. The height of the plant depends on the species. The root system is taprooted, highly branched, and in some species becomes woody. Clover is a grass on the roots of which nodules develop with the help of the bacterium Bacillus radicicola. Thanks to them, the soil is enriched with nitrogen. Shoots grow in bunches. Stems are erect, slightly pubescent. The clover leaf grows on a long stalk. Clover leaves are trifoliate, palmate or four-leafed. The clover leaf shape is elliptical. The leaf color is green and white. The inflorescences are the spherical heads of clover. The color of clover flowers depends on the species. The fruits are single-seeded beans. Clover seeds are small and spherical.
More than 250 species of clover are known.
(T. alpestre). Perennial. Height up to 45 cm. Stems are straight, branched, pubescent. The clover leaf is pubescent, with serrated or entire edges. Clover flower is light red. Blooms in June-July.
(T. ochroleucum). Homeland - Mediterranean. Perennial. Height up to 50 cm. Stems are erect, slightly pubescent, unbranched. The leaves are three-leafed, with entire edges, pubescent. The color of the flowers is yellow. Blooms in June and July.
Bolander's Clover (T. bolanderi). Perennial. Stems are bare and short. Leaves grow from roots. The edge of the leaf is serrated. The clover flower is light purple or pink.
Clover Brandega (T. brandegei). Homeland - Central America. Height up to 15 cm. Inflorescences are large. The color of the flower is pale pink.
Hungarian clover (T. pannonicum). Perennial. Height up to 80 cm. Stems are straight. Clover leaf is pubescent. The color of the flowers is pale yellow. Blooms in June-July.
(T. incarnatum). Perennial. Height up to 90 cm. Stem straight, branched. The leaves are three-leafed. The leaf color is bright green. Clover flower is bright crimson.
Mountain Clover (T. montanum). Perennial. Height up to 60 cm. Stems are straight, slightly branched, pubescent. The leaves are three-leafed, with a finely serrated edge. The color of the flowers is yellowish or white. Blooms from May to August.
Clover long-legged, or long stem clover (T. longipes). Perennial. Height up to 30 cm. Stems creeping, pubescent. The leaves are three-leafed. The clover flower is pinkish-yellow.
Stiff-haired clover (T. hirtum). Height up to 30 cm. Stems are straight, densely pubescent. Clover leaf is pubescent. The color of the flowers is purple.
Strawberry clover (T. fragiferum). Perennial. Height up to 20 cm. Stems creeping. The leaves are green, without spots. The color of the flowers is white or white-pink. Blooms from June to October.
Chestnut clover (T. spadiceum). Annual. Height up to 30 cm. Stem branched, bare. The leaves are three-leafed. Clover flower is golden yellow. Blooms from June to August.
Clover brown (T. badium). Perennial. Height up to 20 cm. Stems creeping, pubescent. The leaves are three-leafed, glabrous. The color of the leaves is yellow-green. The color of the flowers is golden yellow. Blooms from July to August.
Clover reddish (T. rubens). Homeland - Southern Europe. Perennial. Height up to 60 cm. Stems form a dense large bush. Each stem is covered with numerous leaves. The inflorescences are very large. The color of the flowers is reddish-crimson. Blooms in late June-early July.
Clover (T. macrocephalum). Homeland - east coast of the USA, mountainous regions. Height up to 25 cm. Stems form a dense carpet. The leaf color is blue-green. The inflorescences are large. The color of the flowers is pink and grayish-white, with purple spots.
Clover, or red clover (T. pratense). Homeland - Europe. Red clover is a perennial. Height up to 60 cm. Stems are erect, slightly pubescent. The leaves are three-leafed. The color of the flowers is lilac-red. Red clover blooms from July to August.
Lupine clover (T. lupinaster). Perennial. Height up to 50 cm. Stems are straight, pubescent at the top. The leaves are palmate, the edge of the leaf is sharply toothed. The inflorescence of this type of clover is umbellate. The color of the flowers is red-violet.
Clover small (T. nanum). Homeland - southern USA, mountainous regions. Dwarf species. The stems form a dense carpet. Flowering is very abundant. Flower color ranges from pale pink to bright red.
Single-flowered clover (T. uniflorum). Perennial. Height up to 10 cm. Stems creeping. The leaves are three-leafed. The color of the flowers is lilac.
Open-nosed clover (T. apertum). Homeland - Caucasus, Asia Minor. Annual. Height up to 60 cm. Stems are branched, pubescent in the upper part. The leaves are three-leafed, pubescent, with a finely toothed edge. The color of the flowers is yellowish-pink.
Clover Parnassus (T. parnassii). Perennial. Height up to 20 cm. Stems are thin, branched. The leaves are three-leafed. Flower color is pink.
Clover Parry (T. parryi). Homeland - southern USA, mountainous regions. Height up to 5 cm. Stems form a dense carpet. The color of the flowers is pink-violet.
Persian clover (T. resupinatum). Annual. Height up to 100 cm. Stems are straight, bare, with few branches. The color of the flowers is pink-violet.
Clover underground (T. subterraneum). Annual. Height up to 50 cm. Stems creeping, branched, pubescent. The leaves are three-leafed, pubescent, the leaf margin is finely toothed. The color of the flowers is white.
Creeping clover, or white clover (T. repens). Homeland - Europe. Perennial clover. Height up to 40 cm. Stems are low, creeping. Creeping clover forms a dense bush. The leaves are three-leafed. The edge of the leaf is serrated. The color of the flowers is white, greenish and pinkish. Creeping white clover blooms from July to September.
(T. arvense). Annual. Height up to 35 cm. Stems are straight, branched, pubescent. Leaves with serrated edges. The color of the flowers is whitish-pink.
(T. campestre). Homeland - Mediterranean. Annual, less often - biennial. Height up to 30 cm. The stem is creeping, branched, often pubescent. The leaves are three-leafed. The color of the flowers is yellow. Blooms from May to September.
Spreading clover (T. diffusum). Annual. Height up to 60 cm. Stems are slightly branched, pubescent. The leaves are pubescent, the edge of the leaf is serrated. The color of the flowers is purple-pink. Blooms from May to June.
Clover pink, or Swedish clover, or hybrid clover (T. hybridum). Perennial. Height up to 40 cm. Stems weakly branched. The leaf color is light green. Flower color ranges from white to pink. Pink clover blooms from May to July.
(T. dasyphyllum). Homeland - southern USA, mountainous regions. Height up to 15 cm. Stems form bunches or a carpet. The color of the leaves is blue-gray. The flowers are pale yellow with purple-red tips. Blooms from July to September.
Clover is dubious (T. dubium). Annual, less often - biennial. Homeland - Mediterranean. Height up to 30 cm. Stems creeping, bare. The leaves are three-leafed, with a serrated edge. The color of the flowers is bright yellow. Blooms from May to September.
Clover medium (T. medium). Perennial. Height up to 40 cm. Stems are mostly unbranched, bare. The edge of the leaf is finely toothed. The color of the flowers is red. Blooms from June to September.
Clover similar (T. ambiguum). Homeland - southern Ukraine and Russia. Perennial. Height up to 50 cm. Stems are straight. The leaves are three-leafed, with a serrated edge. Flower color ranges from white to pinkish-red. Blooms in June-July.
Pacific clover (T. pacificum). Perennial. Height up to 50 cm. Numerous stems form a bush. The color of the flowers is pink-violet.
Clover angular (T. angulatum). Homeland - Caucasus. Annual. Height up to 40 cm. Stems glabrous. The clover leaf is small. The color of the flowers is pale red. Blooms in May.
Clover Khadeni (T. haydenii). Homeland - southeastern USA, mountainous regions. Height up to 5 cm. Stems form a dense carpet. The color of the flowers is reddish-white. Blooms from July to August.
Growing conditions
In general, growing clover is not particularly difficult. Clover is unpretentious. Clover is a plant that requires moist, well-drained soils and prefers slightly acidic soils.
White clover, widely used in ornamental gardening, is very light-loving and does not tolerate shade.
Application
Clover is a lawn grass. Clover seeds are widely used in lawn mixtures to create thriving lawns. Lawn clover tolerates trampling well. clover grows very quickly after mowing.
White clover in a lawn mixture creates a very durable lawn that does not require mineral fertilizing. Creeping white clover does not need to be trimmed often. Numerous varieties of clover of this type have been bred, thanks to which it is possible to create a lawn of optimal color.
Mountain types of clover are good for. Decorative clover of these types is capable of creating a grass carpet among stones.
Clover is a nutrient-rich herb. The use of clover as a forage plant is widespread.
Clover is used in folk medicine as a medicinal plant, especially red clover. Red clover is also a source of aromatic oils. The beneficial properties of clover have been known since ancient times.
Clover is a honey plant.
Care
Clover prefers organic feeding. Some types of clover tend to grow aggressively, so they need to be weeded out periodically.
Reproduction
Clover reproduces by seeds. However, growing clover is more productive if you use purchased clover seeds rather than your own.
Sowing of clover is carried out when cleared of weeds, since in the first year of life perennial clover is very vulnerable. Sowing clover for the lawn is done in a mixture with other grasses; planting annual clover is carried out only in its pure form.
Diseases and pests
Clover most often suffers from slug attacks.
Popular varieties and forms
Varieties and forms of creeping clover
‘Atropurpurea’- a variety of clover with purple leaves with a green edge.
'Dragon's Blood'- clover with leaves of green-brown-cream color.
'Good Luck'- four-leaf clover, green spotted leaves.
'Green Ice'- clover with leaves of a combined dark and light green color.
'Hiccups'— the clover leaf of this variety has a spotted, green-cream color.
‘Purpurascens Quadrifolium’- four-leaf clover, the color of the leaves is reddish-brown with a green edge.
'Wheatfen'- clover with three-leaf leaves of purple color.
'William Lyall'- a variety with leaves of light green-purple color.
Alpine clover, Latin Trifolium alpestre, family Leguminosae, Latin Fabaceae or Leguminosae
Determination formula
Genus: All leaves are trifoliate, not counting the stipules and covering leaves - all leaflets have short petioles or are sessile - most of the petals are fused together in the lower part - view: flowers without bracts, calyx almost slit-like closed ( this statement about the cup is on the conscience of the authors of the identifier, I could not see it ) - the calyx is hairy on the inside - the corolla is longer than the calyx - the calyx is hairy on the outside, the flag is much longer than the wings and boat - the leaves are oblong-lanceolate, the calyx has 20 veins ( the same about the veins - on the conscience of the authors, see photos ).
Description
Alpine clover flowers appear at the very beginning of summer. Despite its name, it occurs quite often here. Its tall single stems rise high above the grass and thus immediately attract attention. On my site there are other types of clover: creeping clover, arable clover and mountain clover. It is quite simple to distinguish them: creeping and mountain clover have white flowers, and arable clover is like a “fluffy little finger”. In short, you can't confuse it with anything. As for other types of clover, " we have them". That is, it is not on the website yet, but there will definitely be. Therefore, you will have to distinguish it from other species yourself.
Flowers
Alpine clover flowers are collected in capitate inflorescences, single or double, ovoid, multi-flowered, purple-pink in color (many articles indicate the color red, but I don’t see this in the photographs). Flowers begin to bloom from below, so the flower has a “bald head” sticking out from above, like a monk. Blooms from June to July.
From below, the inflorescence is surrounded by two apical leaves, a kind of “wrapper”.
Flowers without bracts, about 1.5 cm long, calyx almost slit-like closed ( I don't see any crevice in the photo. The cup may be slightly flattened - yes, but slit-like - no), pale green, hairy inside. One, lower, awl-shaped tooth of the calyx is much longer than all the others, pubescent, the very tip is purple colored. It is these denticles that we see on the unopened part of the inflorescence.
The corolla is longer than the calyx. The flag is much longer than the wings and boat (here you need to compare on several flowers).
The calyx is hairy on the outside, with 20 veins ( The same thing about the veins - I don’t see them, and it’s hardly possible to see them in such pubescence if you just shave the cup).
Leaves
All leaves are trifoliate. Here - yes. Said it suddenly and bluntly. And there is nothing to complain about.
All leaves have short petioles or are sessile.
Individual leaves are oblong-lanceolate, up to 6 cm long, the veins multiply along the edges, and the distance between them decreases. The edge of the leaf is finely toothed.
The reverse side of the leaf is covered with pressed long hairs.
Stem
The stem is 30-50 cm high, straight or ascending, unbranched. The leaves on the stem are alternate.
Fruit
Habitat
Grows in meadows, forest edges and clearings.
Application
Can be used as forage grass of medium quality.
More photos:
Material from Wikipedia - the free encyclopedia
| Alpine clover | ||||||||||
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Trifolium alpestre, 1763 |
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Spreading
It grows in the alpine belt of mountains, where it lives on ledges and in rock cracks, less often in gravelly tundra and desert-steppe river valleys. Distributed in the European part of the former USSR (central and southern regions), in the mountainous Crimea, in the Caucasus (with the exception of Western Transcaucasia), in the mountains of Central and South-Eastern Altai.
Chemical composition
Economic use
Alpine clover is well eaten by livestock and can also be used for landscaping in lawns.
Use in medicine
In Altai folk medicine, alpine clover herb in the form of decoctions is used for colds, coughs, liver diseases and uterine bleeding.
Photo gallery
Trifolium alpestre.jpeg
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Notes
Literature
- Yu. V. Nikiforov. Altai healing herbs. Gorno-Altaisk: Yuch-Sumer - Belukha, 1992.
- Gubanov, I. A. et al. 819. Trifolium alpestre L. - Alpine clover // . - M.: Scientific T. ed. KMK, Institute of Technology. research, 2003. - T. 2. Angiosperms (dicotyledonous: dicotyledonous). - P. 462. - ISBN 9-87317-128-9.
Links
An excerpt characterizing Alpine Clover
An officer in a wagon turned into the Rostovs' yard, and dozens of carts with the wounded began, at the invitation of city residents, to turn into the courtyards and drive up to the entrances of the houses on Povarskaya Street. Natasha apparently benefited from these relationships with new people, outside the usual conditions of life. She, together with Mavra Kuzminishna, tried to bring as many wounded as possible into her yard.“We still need to report to dad,” said Mavra Kuzminishna.
- Nothing, nothing, doesn’t it matter! For one day we will move to the living room. We can give them all our half.
- Well, you, young lady, will come up with it! Yes, even to the outbuilding, to the bachelor, to the nanny, and then you need to ask.
- Well, I'll ask.
Natasha ran into the house and tiptoed through the half-open door of the sofa, from which there was a smell of vinegar and Hoffmann's drops.
-Are you sleeping, mom?
- Oh, what a dream! - said the countess, who had just dozed off, waking up.
“Mom, darling,” said Natasha, kneeling in front of her mother and putting her face close to hers. “I’m sorry, I’m sorry, I never will, I woke you up.” Mavra Kuzminishna sent me, they brought the wounded here, officers, if you please? And they have nowhere to go; I know that you will allow...” she said quickly, without taking a breath.
- Which officers? Who did they bring? “I don’t understand anything,” said the Countess.
Natasha laughed, the Countess also smiled faintly.
– I knew that you would allow... so I’ll say so. - And Natasha, kissing her mother, got up and went to the door.
In the hall she met her father, who had returned home with bad news.
- We've finished it! – the count said with involuntary annoyance. – And the club is closed, and the police come out.
- Dad, is it okay that I invited the wounded into the house? – Natasha told him.
“Of course, nothing,” the count said absently. “That’s not the point, but now I ask you not to worry about trifles, but to help pack and go, go, go tomorrow...” And the count conveyed the same order to the butler and the people. During dinner, Petya returned and told him his news.
He said that today the people were dismantling weapons in the Kremlin, that although Rostopchin’s poster said that he would shout the cry in two days, but that an order had probably been made that tomorrow all the people would go to the Three Mountains with weapons, and what was there there will be a big battle.
Site map
Systematic position.
Family Fabaceae Lindl., genus Trifolium L.Morphology and biology.
Perennial herbaceous plant. The root penetrates deeply into the soil, with long branching underground shoots. Stems are several, 15-20 cm tall, straight or ascending, usually simple, covered with appressed hairs. The stipules are large, lanceolate, hairy, more than half fused with the petioles, and ciliated along the edge. The leaves are predominantly stem, the lower ones on long petioles, the upper ones on short ones. The leaf blades are lanceolate or narrowly elliptical, 1.5-6 cm long and 0.5-1.5 cm wide, pointed at the end, with lateral veins thinned along the edges, unevenly finely toothed along the edge, more hairy below. The heads are single or sometimes two, surrounded by apical leaves, almost sessile or on short stalks, ovoid, 3-5 cm long, dense, multi-flowered, dark red. Calyx with 20 thin veins, its tube is about 6 mm long, pale green , hairy, the teeth of the sepals are subulate, ciliated. The corolla is soldered by two-thirds, the flag is broadly ovoid, the wings and boat are lanceolate, barely smaller than the flag. The bean is ovoid, filmy, single-seeded. Flowering June-July, fruiting July-August.Spreading.
The European part of the former USSR (central and southern regions), mountainous Crimea, the Caucasus (with the exception of Western Transcaucasia).Ecology.
In the foothill and mid-mountain zones in dry meadows and steppes, among bushes, it sometimes rises to the subalpine zone, on the plain in dry meadows, on forest edges, in light forests, among bushes.Economic importance.
Can be used as a forage plant for grazing and hay.Literature:
Brezhnev D.D., Korovina O.N. 1981. Wild relatives of cultivated plants of the flora of the USSR. L.: Kolos. 376 pp.Bobrov E.G. 1987. Clover - Trifolium L. // Flora of the European part of the USSR. T.6. L.: Science. P.195-208.
Bobrov E.G. 1945. Clover - Trifolium L. // Flora of the USSR. T.11. M.; L.: Publishing house of the USSR Academy of Sciences. P.189-261.
Hulten E., Fries M. 1986. Atlas of North European vascular plants north of the Tropic of Cancer. V.1-3. Konigstein: Koeltz Scientific Books.